Introduction
Methods
Subjects
Clinical and biochemical measurements
Assessments of clinical activity score (CAS)
Measurement of extraocular muscle signal intensity
Statistical analysis
Results
Clinical and biochemical characteristics of the active, inactive TAO patients and controls
Control (n = 31) | TAO | P-Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inactive (n = 26) | Active (n = 25) | Inactive vs. Control | Active vs. Control | Active vs. Inactive | ||
Eyes | 62 | 51 | 51 | – | – | – |
Age (year) | 46.10 ± 15.45 | 43.00 ± 12.93 | 51.56 ± 10.23 | 0.42 | 0.13 | 0.02 |
Male, n (%) | 12 (38.71) | 10 (38.46) | 14 (56.00) | 0.99 | 0.20 | 0.21 |
Duration (m) | – | 6 (3–12) | 5 (3–8) | – | – | 0.24 |
Smoker, n (%) | 4 (12.90) | 7 (26.92) | 14 (56.00) | 0.18 | < 0.01 | 0.02 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.03 ± 2.92 | 22.96 ± 3.16 | 23.50 ± 2.62 | 0.93 | 0.53 | 0.51 |
FT3 (pg/ml) | 2.94 ± 0.37 | 5.14 ± 4.48 | 3.53 ± 0.88 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | 0.08 |
FT4 (ng/dl) | 0.87 ± 0.10 | 2.17 ± 3.23 | 1.68 ± 2.64 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.56 |
TSH (μIU/ml) | 1.64 (1.18–2.28) | 0.15 (0.01–3.03) | 0.50 (0.04–3.66) | 0.44 | 0.20 | 0.75 |
TPO-Ab | 0.60 (0.30–1.15) | 44.00 (3.65–125.50) | 11.00 (4.60–46.3) | < 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.98 |
Tg-Ab | 0.10 (0.10–0.10) | 0.80 (0.10–9.43) | 0.20 (0.10–5.80) | < 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.57 |
TR-Ab | 0.50 (0.35–0.50) | 3.40 (0.90–20.35) | 7.30 (3.48–18.70) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | 0.79 |
Eyesight | 0.79 ± 0.25 | 0.82 ± 0.28 | 0.66 ± 0.28 | 0.50 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
Intraocular pressure (mmHg) | 15.36 ± 3.02 | 17.53 ± 3.65 | 21.41 ± 4.87 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
Exophthalmos (mm) | 15.66 ± 2.25 | 18.67 ± 3.62 | 20.31 ± 2.99 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
Disease severity | ||||||
mild, n (%) | – | 18 (69.23) | 1 (4.00) | – | – | < 0.01 |
moderate-severe, n (%) | – | 8 (30.77) | 17 (68.00) | – | – | < 0.01 |
very severe, n (%) | – | 0 | 7 (28.00) | – | – | < 0.01 |
Signal intensities of extraocular muscles in the inactive, active TAO patients and controls
Control (n = 62 eyes) | TAO | P-Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inactive (n = 51 eyes) | Active (n = 51 eyes) | Inactive vs. Control | Active vs. Control | Active vs. Inactive | ||
Superior rectus | 2.12 ± 0.30 | 2.32 ± 0.55 | 3.12 ± 0.88 | 0.21 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
Inferior rectus | 2.27 ± 0.46 | 2.63 ± 1.05 | 3.41 ± 0.81 | 0.42 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
Medial rectus | 2.33 ± 0.48 | 2.43 ± 0.62 | 3.13 ± 0.81 | 0.36 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
Lateral rectus | 2.28 ± 0.50 | 2.43 ± 0.65 | 2.87 ± 0.65 | 0.21 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
Associations between extraocular muscle SIRs and CAS
OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
---|---|---|
Adjusted for age and smoker | ||
Superior rectus | 3.76 (1.86–7.60) | < 0.01 |
Inferior rectus | 1.91 (1.17–3.12) | < 0.01 |
Medial rectus | 2.93 (1.43–6.01) | < 0.01 |
Lateral rectus | 2.69 (1.24–5.85) | 0.01 |
Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis
AUC | Cut-off | Specificity% | Sensitivity% | P-value | Validation of Cut-offs | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Specificity% | Sensitivity% | ||||||
Superior rectus | 0.83 | 2.48 | 80.50 | 74.50 | < 0.01 | 91.67 | 81.25 |
Inferior rectus | 0.83 | 2.90 | 84.07 | 76.47 | < 0.01 | 100.00 | 93.75 |
Medial rectus | 0.80 | 2.57 | 77.00 | 70.60 | < 0.01 | 83.33 | 87.50 |
Lateral rectus | 0.76 | 2.74 | 83.20 | 60.80 | < 0.01 | 91.67 | 75.00 |