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28.07.2023 | Research

Obesity is related to maternal periodontitis severity in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

verfasst von: Valeria Ramírez, Laura Weber, Marcela Hernández, Ornella Realini, María José Bendek, Dolores Busso, Anilei Hoare, Sebastián Enrique Illanes, Alejandra Chaparro

Erschienen in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Ausgabe 9/2023

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the relationship between obesity and periodontitis staging compared with periodontal healthy or gingivitis in pregnant women.

Materials and methods

An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women between 11 and 14 weeks of pregnancy. Sociodemographic, clinical, obstetric, and periodontal variables were studied. The exposure variable was obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30), and the primary outcome was periodontitis staging versus periodontal healthy/gingivitis. Data were analysed and estimated by multinomial logistic regression models.

Results

The present study screened 1086 pregnancies and analysed 972 women with a median age of 29 years; 36.8% were diagnosed as obese. 26.9% of patients were diagnosed as periodontal healthy or gingivitis, 5.5% with stage I periodontitis, 38.6% with stage II periodontitis, 24% with stage III periodontitis, and 5.1% with stage IV periodontitis. After identifying and adjusting for confounding variables (educational level and plaque index), obesity had a relative risk ratio (RRR) of 1.66 (95% CI: 1.05–2.64; p = 0.03) and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.09–2.27; p = 0.015) for stage III periodontitis compared to periodontal healthy/gingivitis and stage II periodontitis, respectively.

Conclusion

Besides the already known risk indicators for periodontitis (age, smoking, and educational level), our study suggests a relationship between obesity and periodontitis staging in pregnancy.

Clinical relevance

Obesity can alter host immune responses, leading to increased susceptibility to infections and overactive host immunity, which could influence the prevalence and severity of maternal periodontitis in pregnancy.

Stata Statistical Software: Release 16.1, StataCorp, LLC, College Station, TX

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Titel: Obesity is related to maternal periodontitis severity in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study
verfasst von: Valeria Ramírez
Laura Weber
Marcela Hernández
Ornella Realini
María José Bendek
Dolores Busso
Anilei Hoare
Sebastián Enrique Illanes
Alejandra Chaparro
Publikationsdatum: 28.07.2023
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Clinical Oral Investigations / Ausgabe 9/2023
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05170-4

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Obesity is related to maternal periodontitis severity in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study