Olfactory dysfunctions (OD) are a problem to which less attention is usually paid because it is considered to have a less serious clinical impact, because olfactory dysfunctions are rarely fatal, patients often do not receive adequate medical …
verfasst von:
Alice Helena Delgado‑Lima, Jaime Bouhaben, María Luisa Delgado‑Losada
Cochlear implantation (CI) is recognized as the primary option for rehabilitation of severe to profound hearing loss. Traditionally, CI has been most common in two distinct groups: pre-lingually or peri-lingually deafened pediatric subjects, who …
verfasst von:
Goun Choe, Jong Woo Lim, Ye Jun Chun, Jin Hee Han, Bong Jik Kim, Byung Yoon Choi
Congenital crico-thyroid dysplasia has not been previously documented in the medical literature. Cases series of thyroid cartilage deformities have been reported [ 1 , 2 ]] with a common anomaly in these cases the asymmetry of the thyroid cartilage …
verfasst von:
Sirine Ayadi, Boutheina Hammami, Nesrine Sallemi, Mariem Ben Ayed, Moez Chabchoub, Kheireddine Ben Mahfoudh, Melek Mnejja, Ilhem Charfeddine
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most prevalent cancer worldwide and the eighth most common cause of cancer-related death [ 1 – 3 ]. It encompasses a diverse group of malignancies arising from the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, nasal cavity …
verfasst von:
Arif Akyildiz, Deniz Can Guven, Baris Koksal, Beliz Bahar Karaoglan, Derya Kivrak, Rashad Ismayilov, Firat Aslan, Osman Sutcuoglu, Ozan Yazici, Ahmet Kadioglu, Ozkan Alan, Nargiz Majidova, Mert Erciyestepe, Erkan Ozcan, Goncagul Akdag, Hakan Taban, Ali Osman Kaya, Murad Guliyev, Nilgun Yildirim, Teoman Sakalar, Dogan Yazilitas, Caglar Unal, Sercan On, Sedat Biter, Nebi Serkan Demirci, Filiz Cay Senler, Yasemin Kemal, Omer Diker Halil, Ibrahim Gullu, Sercan Aksoy
Artificial intelligence is in a continual state of flux. Large language models, or LLMs, represent some of the pioneering technologies designed to change how we interact with information from different domains [ 1 ]. OpenAI’s ChatGPT 4 and Google’s …
verfasst von:
Andrea Lorenzi, Giorgia Pugliese, Antonino Maniaci, Jerome R. Lechien, Fabiana Allevi, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Luigi Angelo Vaira, Alberto Maria Saibene
Ménière’s Disease (MD) is an idiopathic disorder characterized by episodic vertigo attacks associated with fluctuating hearing loss, aural fullness and tinnitus. Endolymphatic hydrops is the leading pathophysiologic hypothesis, imaging techniques …
Superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) is an otovestibular condition involving a dehiscence of the superior semicircular canal [ 1 ]. It can cause a variety of audiological and vestibular symptoms, including hearing loss, autophony …
verfasst von:
S. W. Van Dijk, J. P. M. Peters, R. J. Stokroos, H. G. X. M. Thomeer
Acute epistaxis is a prevalent medical condition ranging from mild and self-limiting to severe and life-threatening [ 1 , 2 ]. The etiology of epistaxis is multifactorial, with a significant proportion of cases attributed to mucosal trauma …
verfasst von:
Elchanan Zloczower, Sapir Pinhas, Raviv Allon, Adi Syn-Hershko, Tom Raz Yarkoni, Maayan Marom, David Kiderman, Oded Cohen, Meir Warman
The internal auditory canal (IAC) is central to the practice of neurotology. Several conditions that affect the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) originate from or are in direct relation to the IAC. Accordingly, various surgical approaches to the IAC …
verfasst von:
João Paulo Valente, Ricardo Ferreira Bento, Rubens Brito
The incidence of parotid gland tumors is low, accounting for less than 3% of head and neck tumors [ 1 ]. Children and adolescents are relatively rare, accounting for only 3.8% of malignant parotid gland tumors and an even lower proportion of benign …
verfasst von:
Lei Liu, Lujing Xiong, Chunyan Shui, Yuqing Xiang, Linjie Ma, Yuqiu Zhou, Hui Guo, Jinchuan Hu, Hao Ai, Yongcong Cai
Laryngeal cancer (LC) is one the most prevalent head and neck malignancies, accounting for more than 184,000 new cases yearly worldwide [ 1 ]. Additionally, approximately 100,000 LC deaths are recorded annually according to the World Health …
Crooked nose is a condition characterized by asymmetrical or irregular alignment of the nose structure. It is one of the most common complaints of patients who seek medical help due to nasal congestion or facial asymmetry. This aesthetic and …
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA molecules, typically 19–25 nucleotides in length, that play a critical role in the regulation of gene expression [ 1 ]. These molecules are involved in a wide array of biological processes …
verfasst von:
Filippo Ricciardiello, Michela Falco, Alfonso Scarpa, Giovanni Motta, Pasquale Viola, Marco Bocchetti, Michele Caraglia, Nello Alfieri, Flavia Oliva, Chiara Tammaro, Giuseppe Tortoriello, Marco Radici, Angelo Camaioni, Gabriella Misso, Pietro De Luca
Ménière’s disease (MD) is a disorder affecting the inner ear that is likely caused by a hydrops of the endolymphatic fluid [ 1 – 3 ]. Common symptoms include sudden vertigo, tinnitus, a feeling of fullness in the affected ear, and initially …
verfasst von:
Miray-Su Yılmaz Topçuoğlu, Peter K. Plinkert, Mark Praetorius, Sara Euteneuer
Malignant otitis externa otitis (MOE) is a severe infection of the external auditory canal (EAC) caused by bacterial invasion of the surrounding bone and soft tissues. It is typically caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and can spread through the …
verfasst von:
Pedro Marques Gomes, Diogo Cunha Cabral, Joana Borges Costa, Tiago Fernandes, Óscar Camacho, José Ferreira Penêda, Delfim Duarte, Miguel Viana
Type-2 Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) heavily impacts patients’ quality of life [ 1 , 2 ]. Nasal obstruction and loss of smell are the most common symptoms, but the disease may even impair sleep and daily activities, leading to …
verfasst von:
Marella Reale, Giuseppe Licci, Pietro Orlando, Andrea Matucci, Franco Trabalzini, Giandomenico Maggiore, Oreste Gallo
Laryngotracheoesophageal clefts (LTECs) are rare congenital anomalies of the upper aerodigestive tract resulting from the failure of fusion of the posterior cricoid lamina or incomplete development of the tracheoesophageal septum, with an …
Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) is a rare type of cancer that arises from melanocytes in the mucosa of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The incidence of mucosal melanomas, including SNMM, is much lower than that of their cutaneous …
verfasst von:
W. F. Julius Scheurleer, Lise J. van de Velde, Lot A. Devriese, Mischa de Ridder, Marieke W. J. Louwman, Gerben E. Breimer, Remco de Bree, Boukje A. C. van Dijk, Johannes A. Rijken
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a chronic inflammatory syndrome characterized by recurrent complete (apnea) or partial (hypopnea) upper airway obstruction during sleep, resulting in decreased blood oxygen saturation during sleep and …
