Knowledge of clitoral neuroanatomy is critical when performing vulvar procedures, as disruption of nerves supplying the clitoris may lead to alterations in sexual function. Adverse outcomes in sexual function have been reported following …

Female pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is characterized by a diverse array of symptoms and anatomical alterations arising from abnormalities in the functioning of the pelvic floor muscles [ 1 , 2 ]. The most prevalent PFD disorders are urinary …

Over the years, there has been a paradigm shift from inpatient to outpatient hysterectomy [ 1 ]. Rising health care costs, the introduction of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols into gynecology, and more recently, the COVID-19 …

Up to 12% of women will experience symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse [ 1 ]. The etiology of prolapse is complex and likely due to factors such as genetics, age-related connective tissue and muscle changes, as well as birth-induced trauma [ 2 ].

Recently, the debate surrounding the use of mesh in urogynecological procedures has intensified, leading to FDA warnings and heightened safety concerns. This clinical opinion emphasizes the vital need to specify mesh types in these procedures …

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) refers to the condition where the pelvic organs in women, such as the uterus, bladder, and rectum, descend or protrude from their normal positions. This condition can lead to discomfort in the groin area, a sensation of …

Female pelvic organ prolapses (POPs) are the abnormal descent of one or more pelvic organs, including the bladder, vagina, uterus, and rectum [ 1 , 2 ]. Fifty percent of women older than 50 years present clinical findings suggesting POP, but only …

In this second episode of the Microbiologist in the Clinic series, clinicians and laboratory scientists share their perspectives about a 75-year-old woman who was diagnosed with asymptomatic bacteriuria based on positive urine cultures. The …

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is characterised by the descent of one or several anatomical sites, including the anterior/posterior vaginal wall, vaginal apex, or uterus [ 1 ]. It is a prevalent issue, affecting approximately 40% of woman of …

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common problem adversely affecting the quality of life of many women [ 1 ]. About one third of the women with a symptomatic POP will undergo vaginal prolapse surgery [ 2 ]. With a higher life expectancy the volume …

Surgical management represents the mainstay of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) management. In particular, proper apical support restoration is the key to surgical success. Several surgical procedures are available for apical suspension, by the vaginal …

Bladder pain syndrome (BPS) describes a collection of chronic urinary symptoms characterised by suprapubic pain or pressure, often accompanied by urinary frequency, urgency, and/or nocturia, in the absence of infection or other obvious pathology [ …

Urinary incontinence (UI), defined as the involuntary loss of urine, is a health problem that significantly impacts social interactions, interests, and emotional well-being [ 1 ]. In physiotherapy, one of the conservative treatments for UI involves …

Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome is a urinary bladder disorder characterized by urinary urgency, usually with urinary frequency and nocturia, with or without urinary incontinence in the absence of urinary tract infection (UTI) or other proven …

Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as “complaint of involuntary loss of urine” [ 1 ]. The most common form of UI in women is stress urinary incontinence (SUI), defined as the “complaint of involuntary …

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a disease that seriously affects women's health and quality of life. The prevalence of symptomatic POP ranges from 3% to 9.6% [ 1 , 2 ]; however, 41–50% of cases are based on physical examination [ 1 , 3 ]. The …

Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) persons have existed throughout human history and, in recent decades, demographic data show that this population is growing [ 1 ]. A study carried out in North America estimated that between 0.3% and 0.5% of the …

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common gynecological condition characterized by the descent of pelvic organs from their normal positions into the vagina. The increasing incidence of the disease is likely associated with the increasing age of …