Introduction
Materials and methods
Statistical analysis
Results
Demographics and baseline characteristics
SBP group | Non-SBP group | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Number | 8 | 23 | – |
Age, mean ± SD (years) | 69.3 ± 12.9 | 65.8 ± 10 | 0.2 |
Gender, N (%) | |||
Male | 1 (12.5) | 13 (56.5) | 0.05 |
Female | 7 (87.5) | 10 (43.5) | |
Weight (Kg) | 78.2 ± 19.5 | 74.5 ± 16.4 | 0.3 |
Height (cm) | 154.3 ± 6.7 | 164.2 ± 8.6 | 0.008 |
Body mass index | 31.7 ± 4.9 | 27.7 ± 5.2 | 0.04 |
Smoking, N (%) | 0 | 5 (21.7) | 0.08 |
Congestive heart failure, N (%) | 0 | 8 (34.8) | 0.1 |
Hypertension, N (%) | 5 (62.5) | 8 (34.8) | 0.2 |
Diabetes mellitus, N (%) | 6 (75) | 16 (69.6) | 0.7 |
Hyperlipidemia, N (%) | 2 (25) | 10 (43.5) | 0.3 |
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, N (%) | 5 (62.5) | 8 (34.8) | 0.2 |
Hepatitis B virus, N (%) | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 0.2 |
Hepatitis C virus, N (%) | 0 | 3 (13) | 0.5 |
Atrial fibrillation, N (%) | 0 | 8 (34.8) | 0.1 |
Obstructive lung disease, N (%) | 0 | 2 (8.7) | 0.6 |
Renal failure, N (%) | 1 (12.5) | 3 (13) | 0.9 |
SBP group | Non-SBP group | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Ascites cause, N (%) | |||
NASH | 6 (75) | 18 (78.3) | 0.8 |
Hepatitis B | 1 (12.5) | 1 (4.3) | 0.4 |
Hepatitis C | 1 (12.5) | 5 (21.7) | 0.6 |
Alcoholic hepatitis | 0 | 2 (8.7) | 0.6 |
Congestive hepatopathy | 0 | 1 (4.3) | 0.9 |
Indication for paracentesis, N (%) | |||
Suspected SBP | 8 (100) | 18 (78.3) | – |
Tense ascites | 5 (62.5) | 18 (78.3) | |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), average ± SD | 128.6 ± 20.3 | 115.6 ± 14.8 | 0.03 |
Diastolic blood pressure, average ± SD | 71.6 ± 6.7 | 68.2 ± 9.4 | 0.1 |
Heart rate, average ± SD | 87.1 ± 14 | 83.1 ± 16.7 | 0.2 |
Respiratory rate (breath/minute), average ± SD | 16.1 ± 1.3 | 16.1 ± 2 | 0.4 |
Temperature, average ± SD | 36.9 ± 0.33 | 36.7 ± 0.4 | 0.1 |
MELD score, average ± SD | 11.6 ± 4.1 | 16.1 ± 7.3 | 0.06 |
Child–Pugh score, average ± SD | 7.9 ± 1.3 | 9 ± 1.4 | 0.03 |
Laboratory findings
SBP group | Non-SBP group | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Hemoglobin (g/dl), average ± SD | 9.1 ± 1 | 9.4 ± 1.7 | 0.3 |
Leukocytes (*10e3/ul), average ± SD | 8.8 ± 3.7 | 6 ± 2.7 | 0.01 |
Glucose (mg/dl), average ± SD | 120 ± 27.5 | 120.9 ± 33.8 | 0.4 |
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dl), average ± SD | 33.6 ± 17.7 | 42.6 ± 42.5 | 0.3 |
Creatinine (mg/dl), average ± SD | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 1.3 | 0.1 |
Total protein (g/dl), average ± SD | 6.3 ± 0.4 | 9 ± 13.9 | 0.3 |
Albumin (g/dl), average ± SD | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 0.1 |
ALT (u/l), average ± SD | 25 ± 28.7 | 53.2 ± 135 | 0.2 |
ALK (u/l), average ± SD | 102.1 ± 58.2 | 239 ± 292 | 0.1 |
GGT (u/l), average ± SD | 89.3 ± 74.1 | 244.4 ± 246.7 | 0.1 |
Total bilirubin (g/dl), average ± SD | 1 ± 1.2 | 2.2 ± 3.8 | 0.2 |
INR, average ± SD | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 0.09 |
SBP group | Non-SBP group | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Total protein, average ± SD | 2.2 ± 1.4 | 2.3 ± 1.4 | 0.4 |
Albumin, average ± SD | 1.3 ± 08 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 0.3 |
Glucose, average ± SD | 143.5 ± 81.8 | 168 ± 77.7 | 0.2 |
Leukocytes, average ± SD | 3947.3 ± 5272.8 | 239.8 ± 166.4 | 0.0008 |
Absolute neutrophil, average ± SD | 2837.6 ± 4961.5 | 53.9 ± 43.7 | 0.004 |
Comparison of ascites calprotectin in early vs. advanced liver cirrhosis
Calprotectin level | P value | |
---|---|---|
MELD score | ||
< 11 | 42.9 ± 67.2 | 0.09 |
≥ 11 | 18.9 ± 10.2 | |
Child–Pugh score | ||
A–B | 31.2 ± 52.5 | 0.3 |
C | 23.3 ± 12.9 |