Introduction
Methods
Study population
Ophthalmic examination procedure
Clinical data
Statistical analysis
Results
Macular full thickness and macular layers
Phenylketonuria
Macular OCT layers and ETDRS segments Mean (SD) [µm] | Control eyes (n = 180) | PKU eyes (n = 36) | GD3 eyes (n = 30) | p-value PKU vs. control crude model (adj. model) | p-value GD3 vs. control crude model (adj. model) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total retinal thickness | |||||
Fovea | 278.3 (19.2) | 271.0 (16.7) | 260.2 (10.3) | 0.12 (0.38) | < 0.001 (< 0.001) |
Inner ring | 343.8 (12.8) | 331.9 (18.3) | 336.1 (15.0) | 0.002 (0.001) | 0.047 (0.009) |
Outer ring | 306.9 (20.7) | 295.1 (16.9) | 298.1 (18.9) | 0.012 (< 0.001) | 0.07 (0.014)
|
1) NFL | |||||
Fovea | 12.7 (2.1) | 11.7 (1.6) | 11.8 (1.6) | 0.05 (0.24) | 0.13 (0.10) |
Inner ring | 21.7 (1.8) | 20.2 (1.8) | 21.3 (1.6) | < 0.001 (0.006) | 0.33 (0.40) |
Outer ring | 36.3 (4.0) | 33.0 (3.9) | 34.3 (5.4) | 0.004 (0.001) | 0.08 (0.019) |
2) GCL | |||||
Fovea | 16.1 (4.4) | 14.1 (2.7) | 13.9 (3.0) | 0.07 (0.09) | 0.06 (0.008) |
Inner ring | 52.3 (4.2) | 46.5 (6.9) | 50.0 (5.9) | < 0.0001 (< 0.001) | 0.10 (0.004) |
Outer ring | 35.9 (3.1) | 33.7 (3.6) | 34.5 (4.0) | 0.019 (0.001) | 0.16 (0.014) |
3) IPL | |||||
Fovea | 22.0 (3.7) | 20.4 (2.3) | 19.7 (2.2) | 0.07 (0.14) | 0.014 (0.002) |
Inner ring | 42.7 (2.8) | 39.4 (3.3) | 41.3 (3.5) | < 0.0001 (< 0.001) | 0.12 (0.013) |
Outer ring | 29.5 (2.5) | 28.4 (2.6) | 29.2 (2.8) | 0.15 (0.021) | 0.73 (0.22) |
4) INL | |||||
Fovea | 18.7 (4.6) | 17.2 (3.1) | 15.5 (2.8) | 0.16 (0.82) | 0.006 (0.019) |
Inner ring | 40.3 (2.7) | 41.1 (3.6) | 40.2 (2.7) | 0.13 (0.33) | 0.88 (0.50) |
Outer ring | 33.3 (2.4) | 34.4 (2.4) | 33.9 (2.5) | 0.05 (0.78) | 0.44 (0.47) |
5) OPL | |||||
Fovea | 26.2 (5.3) | 27.0 (4.3) | 22.6 (3.4) | 0.47 (0.76) | 0.005 (0.002) |
Inner ring | 33.5 (3.8) | 35.8 (4.6) | 33.6 (3.7) | 0.008 (0.06) | 0.95 (0.92) |
Outer ring | 27.1 (1.7) | 28.2 (2.2) | 28.1 (2.3) | 0.005 (0.005) | 0.030 (0.014) |
6) ONL | |||||
Fovea | 92.5 (10.3) | 91.5 (9.7) | 86.5 (5.8) | 0.58 (0.93) | 0.024 (0.11) |
Inner ring | 72.2 (8.6) | 67.9 (9.5) | 69.6 (5.0) | 0.03 (0.12) | 0.26 (0.37) |
Outer ring | 59.8 (6.5) | 57.0 (7.4) | 57.4 (4.6) | 0.07 (0.043) | 0.19 (0.09) |
7) ORL (PR) | |||||
Fovea | 90.6 (4.1) | 89.9 (4.4) | 91.0 (4.9) | 0.49 (0.30) | 0.74 (0.64) |
Inner ring | 81.6 (2.3) | 80.9 (2.2) | 80.7 (2.4) | 0.23 (0.11) | 0.14 (0.06) |
Outer ring | 78.3 (2.1) | 77.9 (2.5) | 77.7 (2.0) | 0.68 (0.25) | 0.19 (0.11) |
8) RPE | |||||
Fovea | 17.1 (1.8) | 16.7 (1.7) | 17.2 (2.0) | 0.45 (0.43) | 0.80 (0.82) |
Inner ring | 14.8 (1.5) | 14.1 (1.2) | 14.4 (1.2) | 0.029 (0.28) | 0.19 (0.68) |
Outer ring | 13.1 (1.2) | 13.1 (1.2) | 13.1 (1.1) | 0.61 (0.25) | 0.94 (0.70) |
Gaucher disease type 3
Peripapillary RNFL
Peripapillary RNFL Mean [µm] | Control eyes (n = 178) | PKU eyes (n = 30) | GD3 eyes (n = 24) | p-value PKU crude model [adj. model | p-value GD3 crude model [adj. model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Global (average) | 96.7 ± 9.8 | 96.1 ± 9.5 | 96.0 ± 5.9 | 0.61 [0.63] | 0.25 [0.19] |
Temporal | 69.9 ± 10.5 | 66.8 ± 10.2 | 71.1 ± 13.7 | 0.50 [0.14] | 0.90 [0.36] |
Temoral-superior | 135.0 ± 18.0 | 134.8 ± 22.3 | 132.1 ± 20.0 | 0.71 [0.45] | 0.88 [0.50] |
Temporal-inferior | 139.3 ± 19.3 | 148.5 ± 17.5 | 135.4 ± 21.0 | 0.029 [0.07] | 0.33 [0.26] |
Nasal | 73.6 ± 15.6 | 71.1 ± 9.7 | 70.6 ± 11.1 | 0.39 [0.40] | 0.47 [0.59] |
Nasal-superior | 106.3 ± 19.8 | 107.8 ± 19.1 | 109.3 ± 16.0 | 0.91 [0.85] | 0.38 [0.58] |
Nasal-inferior | 105.8 ± 23.6 | 102.9 ± 17.1 | 107.8 ± 34.1 | 0.63 [0.29] | 0.44 [0.98] |