Introduction
Lipid accumulation promotes MAFLD progression
Mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction and MAFLD
Mitochondrial division
Mitophagy
Oxidative stress
Mitochondrial quality control
Therapeutic potential of improved mitochondrial function for NAFLD
Physical exercise
Anti-diabetes drugs
Category | Name | Function | References |
---|---|---|---|
PPARα/γ/δ agonists | Elafibranor | Increased fatty acid beta oxidation, improves insulin resistance and inflammation | [154] |
Thiazolidinediones (TZD) | |||
Pioglitazone Rosiglitazone | Improves mitochondrial function, protects pancreatic beta cells and increases tissue sensitivity to insulin | ||
MSDC-0602K | [168] | ||
Biguanide hypoglycemic drugs | Dimethylbiguanide Phenelzine | Targeted mitochondrial pyruvate carrier | [224] |
Buformin | Improved insulin sensitivity of liver and peripheral tissues | ||
GLP-1 receptor agonist | Liraglutide Exenatide Lisiratide | Enhancement of mitochondrial structure, attenuation of ROS production and promotion of autophagy | [227] |
Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants | Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) Elamipretide | ||
Decoupling agent | Aramchol | Affects mitochondrial electron transport | [196] |
Mito-quinone (Mito-Q) MitoVitamin-E (MitoVit-E) | Reduction of SCD1 and maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis | [198] | |
Silymarin | Protects cells from peroxide-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis | [228] | |
Controlled Release Mitochondrial Protonin (CRMP) | Regulation of thioredoxin and nitric oxide (NO) derivatives to reduce lipid peroxidation | ||
Intravenous injection of functional mitochondria | Mitotherapy | Liver mitochondrial uncoupling, improving liver fibrosis and liver protein synthesis Reduced lipid content, improve cellular redox balance |