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Bias, Confounding, and Effect Modification

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Essentials of Clinical Research

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Abstract

Bias, jaconfounding, and random variation/chance are the reasons for a non-causal association between an exposure and outcome. This chapter will define and discuss these concepts so that they may be appropriately considered whenever one is interpreting the data from a study.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Univesity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 1717 11th Ave. South MT 638, Birmingham, AL

    Stephen P. Glasser (Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology)

Authors
  1. Stephen P. Glasser
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA

    Stephen P. Glasser

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© 2008 Springer Science + Business Media B.V

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Glasser, S.P. (2008). Bias, Confounding, and Effect Modification. In: Glasser, S.P. (eds) Essentials of Clinical Research. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8486-7_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8486-7_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-8485-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-8486-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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