Introduction
Methods
Patients
Measurements
Statistical analysis
Results
Patient characteristics
Characteristics | |
---|---|
Male/Female, n (%) | 13 (24.5)/40 (75.5) |
Age, years | 59.0 ± 16.4 |
Age at asthma onset, years | 36.8 ± 22.9 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 26.4 ± 6.2 |
Smoking status: Never/Ex./Current, n (%) | 29 (54.7)/14 (26.4)/10 (18.9) |
Smoking history, pack-year | 12.1 ± 18.9 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 19 (35.8) |
Diabetes, n (%) | 14 (26.4) |
BNP, pg/ml | 40.4 ± 79.3 |
GINA step 1/2/3/4/5, n (%) | 0/1/16/26/10 (0/1.9/30.2/49.1/18.9) |
Allergic rhinitis, n (%) | 25 (47.2) |
FSSG score | 8.13 ± 9.0 |
ACT score | 21.6 ± 3.8 |
ACQ-6 | 0.9 ± 0.8 |
FeNO (ppb) | 39.8 ± 38.6 |
Peripheral blood neutrophil count, cells/µL | 4198.7 ± 1898.6 |
Peripheral blood eosinophil count, cells/µL | 377.0 ± 762.6 |
Serum IgE level, IU/mL | 820.6 ± 1997.5 |
FVC, L | 2.8 ± 0.7 |
FVC, % of predicted | 99.7 ± 15.0 |
FEV1, L | 2.0 ± 0.6 |
FEV1, % of predicted | 85.9 ± 18.4 |
FEV1/FVC, % | 70.8 ± 12.1 |
MMF, L | 1.4 ± 1.1 |
MMF, % of predicted | 47.2 ± 30.4 |
Results of ESS and PSG
Measurements | Value |
---|---|
Epworth Sleepiness Scale | 7.3 ± 4.6 |
Apnea Hypopnea Index | 18.7 ± 16.9 |
3% oxygen desaturation index | 18.3 ± 18.5 |
Lowest SpO2 | 82.2 ± 9.0 |
Number of patients with OSA Mild Moderate Severe | 36 15 14 7 |
Comparison between patients with and without OSA
Without OSA (n = 17) | With OSA (n = 36) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Male/Female, n (%) | 2/15 | 11/25 | 0.25 |
Age, years | 59.8 ± 16.8 | 58.7 ± 16.5 | 0.83 |
Age at asthma onset, years | 30.5 ± 22.8 | 58.7 ± 16.5 | 0.16 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 23.1 ± 3.85 | 27.9 ± 6.6 | < 0.01 |
Smoking status: Never/Ex./Current, n (%) | 13 (76.5)/2 (11.8)/2 (11.8) | 16 (44.5)/12 (33.3)/8 (22.2) | 0.29 |
Brinkman Index | 147.1 ± 398.6 | 290.5 ± 365.3 | 0.03 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 3 (17.6) | 16 (44.4) | 0.07 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 2 (11.8) | 12 (33.3) | 0.18 |
BNP, pg/ml | 28.6 ± 48.3 | 43.0 ± 82.9 | 0.17 |
GINA step (1/2/3/4/5), n (%) | 0/0/7 /7 /3 | 0/1/9/19/7 | 0.84 |
Allergic rhinitis, n (%) | 8 (47.1) | 17 (47.2) | 0.78 |
FSSG score | 6.82 ± 6.48 | 8.75 ± 9.94 | 0.76 |
ACT score | 22.4 ± 3.2 | 21.6 ± 3.7 | 0.31 |
ACQ-6 | 0.69 ± 0.83 | 1.09 ± 0.8 | 0.06 |
FeNO (ppb) | 37.7 ± 28.3 | 40.9 ± 43.2 | 0.71 |
Peripheral neutrophil count, cells/µL | 3603.5 ± 1468.4 | 4479.7 ± 2028.9 | 0.14 |
Peripheral eosinophil count, cells/µL | 582.1 ± 1311.6 | 280.2 ± 218.0 | 0.57 |
Serum IgE level, IU/mL | 583.6 ± 1359.5 | 603.84 ± 744.74 | 0.32 |
FVC, L | 2.77 ± 0.62 | 2.84 ± 0.67 | 0.65 |
FVC, % of predicted | 106.1 ± 15.7 | 96.7 ± 13.9 | 0.02 |
FEV1, L | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 1.99 ± 0.59 | 0.8 |
FEV1, % of predicted | 92.8 ± 19.1 | 82.4 ± 17.8 | 0.05 |
FEV1/FVC, % | 72.1 ± 12.8 | 70.1 ± 11.9 | 0.58 |
MMF, L | 1.5 ± 1.4 | 1.36 ± 0.87 | 0.92 |
MMF, % of predicted | 51.8 ± 39.6 | 45.1 ± 25.4 | 0.46 |
Epworth Sleepiness Scale | 6.35 ± 4.18 | 7.78 ± 4.83 | 0.27 |
Apnea Hypopnea Index | 5.0 ± 3.2 | 21.7 ± 16.0 | < 0.01 |
3% oxygen desaturation index | 5.2 ± 3.1 | 22.2 ± 18.4 | < 0.01 |
Lowest SpO2 | 86.9 ± 8.7 | 80.0 ± 8.5 | < 0.01 |
OR | 95% CI | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years old) | 0.989 | 0.945–1.04 | 0.64 |
Sex | 5.290 | 0.632–44.2 | 0.12 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 1.210 | 1.040–1.42 | 0.02 |
Brinkman Index | 1.000 | 0.997-1.00 | 0.81 |
FVC, % of predicted (%) | 0.980 | 0.914–1.05 | 0.56 |
FEV1, % of predicted (%) | 0.986 | 0.929–1.05 | 0.64 |
Patient characteristics according to severity of OSA
OSA severity | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics of asthma patients | Mild (n = 15) | Moderate (n = 14) | Severe (n = 7) | P value |
Male/Female, n (%) | 4/11 | 4/10 | 3/4 | 0.98 |
Age, years | 49.9 ± 16.1 | 60.1 ± 13.1 | 74.7 ± 10.4 | < 0.01 |
Age at asthma onset, years | 29.5 ± 22.45 | 44.2 ± 16.2 | 54.3 ± 25.6 | 0.06 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9 ± 8.16 | 26.5 ± 4.9 | 31.0 ± 5.30 | 0.34 |
Smoking status: Never/Ex./Current, n (%) | 8/5/2 | 7/3/4 | 2/3/2 | 0.95 |
Brinkman Index | 178.9 ± 213.8 | 361.9 ± 455.9 | 381.1 ± 411.5 | 1 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 5 (33.3) | 5 (35.7) | 6 (85.7) | 0.14 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 2 (13.3) | 4 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | 0.08 |
BNP, pg/ml | 17.1 ± 15.1 | 54.1 ± 120.2 | 87.5 ± 98.0 | < 0.01 |
GINA step (1/2/3/4/5), n (%) | 0/1/4/6/4 | 0/0/3/8/3 | 0/0/2/5/0 | 0.95 |
Allergic rhinitis, n (%) | 10 (66.7) | 4 (28.6) | 3 (42.9) | 0.24 |
FSSG score | 11.93 ± 12.12 | 7.21 ± 8.16 | 5.00 ± 6.43 | 0.24 |
ACT score | 20.8 ± 4.5 | 21.6 ± 3.7 | 21.4 ± 3.6 | 0.98 |
ACQ-6 | 1.24 ± 1.1 | 2.33 ± 1.1 | 0.98 ± 0.72 | 0.96 |
FeNO (ppb) | 42.4 ± 46.9 | 42.1 ± 46.2 | 34.8 ± 32.2 | 1 |
Peripheral neutrophil count, cells/µL | 4738.0 ± 2389.4 | 4470.7 ± 1920.4 | 3944.3 ± 1483.0 | 0.8 |
Peripheral eosinophil count, cells/µL | 257.1 ± 144.0 | 280.6 ± 208.9 | 328.8 ± 360.7 | 0.99 |
Serum IgE level, IU/mL | 634.5 ± 755.2 | 384.35 ± 587.6 | 511.0 ± 623.2 | 0.09 |
FVC, L | 3.11 ± 0.68 | 2.87 ± 0.48 | 2.17 ± 0.59 | 0.03 |
FVC, % of predicted | 100.4 ± 14.2 | 101.8 ± 8.04 | 78.6 ± 6.38 | < 0.01 |
FEV1, L | 2.30 ± 0.62 | 1.91 ± 0.36 | 1.47 ± 0.54 | 0.01 |
FEV1, % of predicted | 88.2 ± 19.2 | 84.3 ± 15.4 | 66.4 ± 9.00 | 0.01 |
FEV1/FVC, % | 74.0 ± 12.1 | 67.3 ± 10.3 | 67.6 ± 13.8 | 0.22 |
MMF, L | 1.71 ± 0.97 | 1.17 ± 0.56 | 0.98 ± 0.98 | 0.06 |
MMF, % of predicted | 51.7 ± 26.0 | 41.9 ± 21.3 | 37.2 ± 31.6 | 0.22 |
Epworth Sleepiness Scale | 10.33 ± 5.29 | 6.79 ± 3.85 | 4.29 ± 2.43 | 0.01 |
Apnea Hypopnea Index | 10.0 ± 3.38 | 21.3 ± 4.42 | 47.1 ± 16.4 | < 0.01 |
3% oxygen desaturation index | 9.2 ± 3.5 | 20.4 ± 4.7 | 53.6 ± 17.6 | < 0.01 |
Lowest SpO2 | 85.9 ± 2.9 | 80.1 ± 4.8 | 67.5 ± 8.1 | < 0.01 |